Ichnogeny and bivalve bioerosion: examples from shell and wood substrates

The ichnospecies Gastrochaneolites dijugus Kelly and Bromley 1984 and Teredolites longissimus Kelly and Bromley 1984, attributed to the boring activity of gastrochaenoid and pholadid bivalves, are described respectively from the Miocene Vilanova Basin and the Pliocene Almería-Níjar Basin. Miocene and Pliocene traces are preserved as positive casts associated to invertebrate shells and wood fragments, respectively; in both cases, the host substrate (shells and wood) has been lost almost entirely by different taphonomic processes (mainly dissolution). For the first time in the fossil record, the complete ichnogenetic sequence of these two ichnospecies is described and figured.